Founded by the publisher of the Standard Novels series, Richard Bentley, his Miscellany was a literary magazine, publishing novels in installment form. The first editor was Charles Dickens, whose second novel, Oliver Twist, first appeared in the magazine, starting in the first issue.
This is part of an investigation I've been doing into the use and spelling of
-ize suffix verbs and their spelling (
-ize or
-ise) in British English. For more details, related posts and the methods I've used, see the
-ize / -ise page. For more on the spelling of
-ize verbs in periodicals, see the
Periodicals start page.
For the first twelve years, s spellings are more numerous, but becoming increasingly less dominant, somewhat against the trend ocurring in other contemporary magazines. Around 1848/9 there's a swing to z spellings, followed around 1854 by a counterswing to s. This swing to z before a final change to s seems fairly typical of nineteenth century publications. This suggests to me that publishers / printers were mainly concerned with consistency.
Publishers and printers
In 1852, according to Wikipedia, ex-editor William Harrison Ainsworth bought the magazine from Bentley, which could explain the move to a new printer, Woodall and Kinder. On the title page of the magazine itself, however, the publisher continues to be listed as Richerd Bentley. A further change of printer around 1855 does seem to coincide with a more consisistent use of s spellings. In 1868, it was sold back to Bentley, who incorporated it into the Temple Bar magazine, published by Ward and Lock, and which had started in 1860.
- Samuel Bentley, Dorset Street, Fleet Street (Vols 1-6)
- S. and J. Bentley, Wilson and Fley, Bangor House, Shoe Lane (to Vol 23)
- S. and J. Bentley and Henry Fley (Vol 25 - 27)
- Samuel Bentley and Co. (Vol 28 - 32)
- Woodall and Kinder, Angel Court, Skinner Street (Vol 33 - 36)
- C. Whiting, Beaufort House, Strand (Vol 37 - at least Vol 62)
Main table comparing -ize verbs spelt with a z and with an s.
From search results at Google Books. All figures are checkable at the entries for individual volumes, in the next section.
| -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | total | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation | total |
| Vol 1 1837 |
1 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 12 |
17 | 14 | 7 | 0 | 38 |
| Vol 2 1837 |
3 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 15 |
13 | 35 | 6 | 1 | 55 |
| Vol 5 1839 |
6 | 12 | 4 | 5 | 27 |
8 | 25 | 4 | 2 | 39 |
| Vol 14 1843 |
3 | 11 | 2 | 7 | 23 |
13 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 28 |
| Vol 21 1847 |
7 | 17 | 3 | 4 | 31 |
11 | 18 | 2 | 6 | 37 |
| Vol 26 1849 |
8 | 27 | 3 | 21 | 59 |
10 | 21 | 6 | 2 | 39 |
| Vol 31 1852 |
11 | 26 | 10 | 23 | 70 |
11 | 15 | 3 | 1 | 30 |
| Vol 33 1853 |
13 | 34 | 7 | 17 | 71 |
7 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 19 |
| Vol 34 1853 |
12 | 28 | 4 | 16 | 60 |
7 | 13 | 6 | 5 | 31 |
| Vol 35 1854 |
1 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 14 |
17 | 23 | 8 | 15 | 63 |
| Vol 36 1854 |
4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 9 |
15 | 45 | 3 | 14 | 77 |
| Vol 37 1855 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
17 | 40 | 7 | 20 | 84 |
| Vol 38 1855 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
15 | 37 | 4 | 16 | 72 |
| Vol 41 1857 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
27 | 42 | 7 | 7 | 83 |
| Vol 44 1858 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
25 | 50 | 7 | 25 | 107 |
Individual volumes
Click on the numbers to see instances in the relevant volume at Google Books.
Vol 1 1837
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| 1 | | | 1 | | | |
| authorise |
| | 1 | | | | | |
| characterise |
| | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| civilise |
| 2 | | 4 | | 2 | | |
| criticise |
| | | | | | | |
| monopolise |
1 | | | | | | 1 | |
| organise |
| | | 1 | | | | |
| realise |
| 2 | | | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
| recognise |
| | | | 8 | 9 | | |
| sympathise |
| | | | 6 | | 4 | |
| totals |
1 | 5 | 1 | 5 |
17 | 14 | 7 | 0 |
Vol 2 1837
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | 1 | 3 | 1 | |
| authorise |
| 1 | | | | 1 | | |
| characterise |
| 1 | | | 2 | 1 | | |
| civilise |
| 3 | | 5 | | | | |
| criticise |
| | | | | | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | 3 | | |
| organise |
| | | | | 1 | | 1 |
| realise |
1 | 1 | | 1 | | 3 | 1 | |
| recognise |
| | | | 7 | 23 | 2 | |
| sympathise |
2 | | | | 3 | | 2 | |
| totals |
3 | 6 | 0 | 6 |
13 | 35 | 6 | 1 |
Vol 5 1839
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
1 | | 2 | | | 2 | | |
| authorise |
| | | | | 1 | | |
| characterise |
1 | 2 | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| civilise |
| 4 | | 5 | | 1 | | 1 |
| criticise |
| | | | 1 | | 1 | |
| monopolise |
1 | | | | 1 | | | |
| organise |
| | | | | | | |
| realise |
2 | 3 | | | 1 | 3 | | 1 |
| recognise |
1 | 2 | 1 | | 4 | 16 | 2 | |
| sympathise |
| 1 | 1 | | | 1 | 1 | |
| totals |
6 | 12 | 4 | 5 |
8 | 25 | 4 | 2 |
Vol 14 1843
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| 1 | 1 | | 1 | 1 | | |
| authorise |
| | | | | | | |
| characterise |
| | | | | 3 | | |
| civilise |
| 4 | | 5 | | 1 | | |
| criticise |
| | | | 1 | | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | | | |
| organise |
| 1 | 1 | 2 | | | | |
| realise |
1 | 1 | | | | | | |
| recognise |
1 | 3 | | | 5 | 10 | | |
| sympathise |
1 | 1 | | | 6 | | | |
| totals |
3 | 11 | 2 | 7 |
13 | 15 | 0 | 0 |
Vol 21 1847
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| 1 | | | | | | |
| authorise |
1 | 4 | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| characterise |
1 | 1 | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| civilise |
| 3 | | 2 | | | | 5 |
| criticise |
| | | | 2 | | | |
| monopolise |
1 | | | | | 1 | | |
| organise |
| 1 | | 2 | 1 | | | 1 |
| realise |
3 | 1 | 1 | | 3 | | | |
| recognise |
1 | 6 | 1 | | 2 | 15 | 1 | |
| sympathise |
| | 1 | | 1 | | 1 | |
| totals |
7 | 17 | 3 | 4 |
11 | 18 | 2 | 6 |
Vol 26 1849
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
1 | | 1 | | 1 | | 1 | |
| authorise |
| 1 | | | 1 | | 1 | |
| characterise |
2 | 1 | | 1 | | 2 | | |
| civilise |
2 | 12 | | 19 | | | | 2 |
| criticise |
| | | | | 2 | | |
| monopolise |
1 | 1 | 1 | | | | | |
| organise |
| 1 | | | | | 1 | |
| realise |
1 | 5 | | 1 | | 4 | | |
| recognise |
1 | 5 | | | 6 | 13 | | |
| sympathise |
| 1 | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | |
| totals |
8 | 27 | 3 | 21 |
10 | 21 | 6 | 2 |
Vol 31 1852
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | 1 | | 1 | |
| authorise |
| 1 | | 1 | | 1 | | |
| characterise |
2 | 3 | | | | 3 | | |
| civilise |
| 9 | 1 | 11 | | 1 | | 1 |
| criticise |
| | | | 2 | 1 | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | | | |
| organise |
1 | 2 | 2 | 6 | | 1 | | |
| realise |
1 | 6 | 2 | 5 | | | | |
| recognise |
6 | 4 | 3 | | 6 | 6 | 1 | |
| sympathise |
1 | 1 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 1 | |
| totals |
11 | 26 | 10 | 23 |
11 | 15 | 3 | 1 |
Vol 33 1853
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
3 | | 3 | | 1 | | | |
| authorise |
| 3 | | | | 3 | | |
| characterise |
| 1 | | | | 2 | | |
| civilise |
1 | 7 | 1 | 13 | | 1 | | |
| criticise |
| | | | 2 | | 1 | |
| monopolise |
1 | 1 | | | | | | |
| organise |
2 | 3 | | 3 | 1 | 2 | | |
| realise |
1 | 6 | 2 | 1 | | | | |
| recognise |
3 | 12 | 1 | | 3 | 3 | | |
| sympathise |
2 | 1 | | | | | | |
| totals |
13 | 34 | 7 | 17 |
7 | 11 | 1 | 0 |
Vol 34 1853
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
1 | 2 | | | 2 | | 1 | |
| authorise |
| 1 | | | | | | |
| characterise |
1 | 2 | | | | 1 | | |
| civilise |
1 | 7 | 2 | 10 | | 1 | | 3 |
| criticise |
| | | | | 1 | 1 | |
| monopolise |
1 | 1 | | | | | | |
| organise |
| 5 | 2 | 4 | | 2 | | 2 |
| realise |
3 | 2 | | 2 | 2 | 1 | | |
| recognise |
4 | 6 | | | 1 | 7 | 1 | |
| sympathise |
1 | 2 | | | 2 | | 3 | |
| totals |
12 | 28 | 4 | 16 |
7 | 13 | 6 | 5 |
Vol 35 1854
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
1 | | | | 1 | | | |
| authorise |
| | | | | 3 | | |
| characterise |
| | | | 1 | | | |
| civilise |
| 2 | | 1 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 10 |
| criticise |
| | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | 1 | 1 | |
| organise |
| 2 | 1 | 3 | | 6 | | 5 |
| realise |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | | |
| recognise |
| 1 | | | 7 | 2 | 3 | |
| sympathise |
| | | | 3 | 1 | 3 | |
| totals |
1 | 6 | 2 | 5 |
17 | 23 | 8 | 15 |
Vol 36 1854
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| authorise |
| | | | | 2 | | |
| characterise |
1 | | | | 2 | 3 | | 1 |
| civilise |
| | 1 | 2 | 1 | 18 | | 6 |
| criticise |
| | | | 2 | | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | 1 | | | |
| organise |
| | | | | 5 | 1 | 6 |
| realise |
1 | | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
| recognise |
1 | 1 | | | 5 | 12 | | |
| sympathise |
1 | | | | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| totals |
4 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
15 | 45 | 3 | 14 |
Vol 37 1855
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | 1 | 1 | | |
| authorise |
| | | | | | | |
| characterise |
| | | | 1 | 6 | | |
| civilise |
| | | | | 6 | | 15 |
| criticise |
| | | | 2 | | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | | | |
| organise |
| | | | 1 | 5 | | 4 |
| realise |
| | | | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
| recognise |
| | | | 7 | 16 | 1 | |
| sympathise |
| | | | 4 | | 4 | |
| totals |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
17 | 40 | 7 | 20 |
Vol 38 1855
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | | 1 | | |
| authorise |
| | | | 1 | | | |
| characterise |
| | | | | 7 | | |
| civilise |
| | | | | 3 | | 12 |
| criticise |
| | | | 3 | 1 | 1 | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | 1 | 1 | |
| organise |
| | | | 1 | | 2 | 1 |
| realise |
| | | | 4 | 6 | | 3 |
| recognise |
| | | | 3 | 18 | | |
| sympathise |
| | | | 3 | | | |
| totals |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
15 | 37 | 4 | 16 |
Vol 41 1857
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | 1 | 3 | | |
| authorise |
| | | | | 1 | | |
| characterise |
| | | | 3 | 3 | 1 | |
| civilise |
| | | | | 9 | | 5 |
| criticise |
| | | | 1 | | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | 1 | | |
| organise |
| | | | | | | 1 |
| realise |
| | | | 7 | 13 | 5 | 1 |
| recognise |
| | | | 10 | 11 | | |
| sympathise |
| | | | 5 | 1 | 1 | |
| totals |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
27 | 42 | 7 | 7 |
Vol 44 1858
| Verb | -ize | -ise |
| -ize | -ized | -izing | -ization | -ise | -ised | -ising | -isation |
| apologise |
| | | | 1 | 2 | 1 | |
| authorise |
| | | | | 1 | | |
| characterise |
| | | | 3 | 4 | | |
| civilise |
| | | 2 | | 11 | | 18 |
| criticise |
| | | | 1 | | | |
| monopolise |
| | | | | | | |
| organise |
| | | | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
| realise |
| | | | 7 | 8 | 3 | 2 |
| recognise |
| | | | 9 | 22 | 2 | |
| sympathise |
| | | | 2 | | | |
| totals |
0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
25 | 50 | 7 | 25 |
Links
At Google Books
(S) = Snippet View - searchable only
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